Does sabbatismos mean “seventh-day Sabbath observance” in Hebrews 4:9? Context gives us the answer. In Hebrews 4:3, we find a restatement of Psalms 95:11. And that portion of Psalm 95 is a restatement of Deuteronomy 1:34,35. In Hebrews 4:3, “my rest” therefore means a promised land rest.

Hebrews 4:3

Psalms 95:11

Deuteronomy 1:34-35

As I swore in My wrath

Therefore I swore in My anger

the LORD was angry and took an oath, saying,

they

truly they

Not one of these men, this evil generation

shall not enter

shall not enter into

shall see the

My rest

My rest

good land which I swore to give your fathers

Then, when the writer parallels the seventh-day rest [Hebrews 4:4] with the aforementioned promise land rest [Hebrews 4:5], he is positing that the former was typological of the latter. The seventh-day rest was a foreshadowing of the promised land rest. In the same way, the promised land rest was a foreshadowing of another, future rest. It is that future rest that is being discussed in Hebrew 4:9.

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