Latest Version on the Life of Jesus Christ

[rmperry]

I need your comments and blogs on what Jesus life would do for todays trouble?
LIFE OF JESUS CHRIST

A: **JESUS BIRTH FORETOLD**
An angel name Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, name Nazareth. There was a virgin whose name was Mary who married a man whose name was Joseph. An angel told her, “to fear not because God has chose you and you have been blessed among the other women’. When she saw him, his saying troubled her and her mind wonder what is this salutation could be? The Angel said unto her. Mary fear not, for God has chose you, to conceive in your Womb, and bring forth a son, and you shall call his name “Jesus”. He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest and the Lord shall give unto him the throne of his father
David. Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on the wise when his mother Mary was married to Joseph before they came together, she was found with a child of the Holy Ghost.
(Luke 1:26, Matt. 1:18)
**BIRTH OF JESUS**
(1) During the days of Caesar Augustus, they wanted to tax the world by the governor of Syria.
(Luke 2:1)
(2) Joseph left and went up from Galilee, out the city of
Nazareth, into Judea’s, it was a city of David, in a City called Bethlehem. Mary was ready to have the baby. She bought forth her 1st born son, and wrapped him in an old blanket and laid him in a manger because there was no room for them in the inn. (Luke 2:4-7)

3) There were 3 shepherds keeping watch over their flock
That night & an angel came upon them, and they could see a light glowing from God around his head and the shepherds were afraid. The angel said unto them “Fear Not”, I bring you Good Tidings of Great Joy and it shall be to all people for unto you are born on this day in the City of David, a Savior, which is Christ The Lord.
(Luke 2:8-11)
4) Suddenly there was with the Angel a multitude of heavenly host Praising God and Saying, Glory to God in the Highest, and on Earth Peace, Good Will toward Men.
When the angel left, the shepherds said, “Let us now go into Bethlehem and see this thing which is come to pass from which the Lord has made known unto us. Then they found Mary & Joseph and the baby lying in the manger and they told them what the angels had said Mary kept all these things in her heart.
(Luke 2:13-19)
THE CIRCUMCISION AND NAMING
After 8 days had gone by they circumcised the child and named Him, JESUS.
(Luke 2:21)
YOUNG JESUS IN THE TEMPLE
They were living in the Law of Moses so he had to be purified; they brought him to Jerusalem, too present him to the Lord. At that time every male that was born shall be call holy to the Lord.
(Luke 2:23)
(1st)
There was a man in the Temple from Jerusalem, to whom the Holy Ghost had reveal that he could not see death before he had seen the Lord Christ but when Mary & Joseph brought in their son, the man took the child in his arms and Blessed God, and said “Lord now lettest thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word:” For my eyes have seen your salvation, which thou has prepared before the face of all people.
(Luke 2:25)



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[shemuel]

Okay I understand now, you wrote a fiction story for the benefit of your grandsons. I got it, well keep enjoying what you are doing,as long as you know the truth.SHALOM

[rmperry]

Thanks for your comments and great replies, but sir I am not a teacher, I am a writter that wrote a story to my 2 grandsons about a "person" named Jesus Christ according to what was taught in the king james version of the bible at a time that nobody that is living today was alive, so if that was not his name then it was not but only thing that I done was to take this story and make it understandable to my grandsons and every kid or adult that reads it will really enjoy it. I really did not set out to make them a believer,. That's the pastors, preachers, ministers, priests, bishop and muslim leaders responsibilities. I just wanted them to enjoy reading the book.
Everybody that has read it or watched the video tells me, That I done a great Job.
Thanks for your time
grandpa2009a

[shemuel]

No sir, but understand your intentions, thank you for admitting that you know his true name. So what do you with Acts 4:12 this verse is straight to the point, with no gray area. Please don't take as a attack, because that is not my goal, my goal is to spread only the truth as we are commanded. Question, if the messiah or those who knew him never heard this man-made name what grounds do we have to teach it ,or share it? SHALOM

[rmperry]

Thanks for the lesson but is it okay to use the name "Jesus" and tell the story about his life, I probably wiil write another story about what his name really was and if we try to live as christians wouldn't it be correct to call him Jesus Christ since that what I been taught on were Christianity came from.

[shemuel]

And the Son's Name?

From a study of the origin of letters that make up the word "Jesus" in our English Bibles, we can readily see that the name of the Savior underwent considerable change as it was brought from one language to another.

The name of the Redeemer of Israel, who has the only name through which man can find salvation (Acts 4:12), has been given a Latinized hybrid name that never existed in Hebrew and did not exist in English until 500 years ago.

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance shows that the word Jesus is from the Greek "Iesous," which according to Strong's Greek Dictionary, derives from the Hebrew "**", Yahowshua. The vowel points that make this transliteration (sounding out) are much more recent than the actual Hebrew letters, being introduced between 600 and 900 C.E. Removing them to be consistent with the original letters, we get "**".

The first three letters, reading right to left, are pronounced YAHW because they are equivalent to the English vowels IAU. They are the same letters that begin Yahweh's Name ( *** ). The last two Hebrew letters ( ** ) are pronounced SHUA, as found in Strong's Concordance Hebrew Dictionary, No. 8668.

Clearly, the name of the Savior was changed from Yahshua, through contraction, to Joshua (then Jeshua). Evidence that the Y in His name took on the J is found in Acts 7:45 and Hebrews 4:8, where translators of the King James Version inserted "Jesus" when Joshua, the son of Nun, was meant.

When transferred into Greek, by taking the termination characteristics of the language, it assumed the form Jesus as it came through the Latin. Unlike English, which uses corresponding suffixes in personal pronouns, most languages have special endings on nouns that show the case, number, and gender. The "us" ending indicates masculine nominative. Thus the metamorphosis from "Yahshua" to "Jesus" was complete.

As with the Father's Name, numerous sources easily available attest that the Name Yahshua is incorrectly rendered "Jesus."


Secular Scholars

Encyclopedia Americana: "Jesus Christ — ...Although Matthew (1:21) interprets the name originally Joshua, that is, 'Yahweh is salvation,' and finds it specially appropriate for Jesus of Nazareth, it was a common one at the time." (Vol. 16, p. 41)

Encyclopaedia Britannica (15th ed.): "Jesus Christ—. . .The same is true of the name Jesus. In the Septuagint it is the customary Greek form for the common Hebrew name Joshua; i.e., 'Yahweh helps.' " Vol. 10. p. 149.

Following is a photocopied extract from the Oxford English Dictionary under "Jesus": ( Copy not included )


Had the Savior's Name been transliterated into Greek and Latin, the true and proper form would have been preserved.


Religious Scholars

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature: "Jesus Christ — There can be no doubt that Jesus is the Greek form of a Hebrew name. Its original and full form is Jehoshua. By contraction it became Joshua or Jeshua; and when transferred into Greek, by taking the termination characteristics of that language, it assumed the form Jesus."

Word Studies in the New Testament,' by Marvin R. Vincent —

Jesus. The Greek form of a Hebrew name, which had been borne by two illustrious individuals in former periods of the Jewish history—Joshua, the successor of Moses, and Jeshua, the high-priest, who with Zerubbabel took so active a part in the re-establishment of the civil and reUgious polity of the Jews in their return from Babylon. Its original and full form is Jehoshua, becoming by contraction Joshua or Jeshua. Joshua, the son of Nun, the successor of Moses, was originally named Hoshea (saving), which was altered by Moses into Jehoshua (Yah~veh (our) Salvation) (Num. 13:16). The meaning of the name, therefore, finds expression in the title Savior (Luke 1:47; 2:11; John 4:42).

The Acts of the Apostles by Jackson and Lake:

Jesus—This is the regular Greek translation of the Hebrew Joshua. The latter assumed a shorter form Jeshua ~ in later times, which explains also the e in the Greek spelling. Among the Biblical instances Joshua the son of Nun, and Jeshua the son of Jehozadak, high priest in the time of Zerubbabel, are well known. The Greek spelling occurs in the LXX (with some exception) for the Hebrew name. It is included in the title of Ecclesiasticus. It is used in the New Testament at Luke 3:29, Acts 7:45, and Hebrews 4:8 of ancient Hebrews, and of Jews of the early Roman Empire at Col. 4:11, by Josephus frequently (see Niese, Index, 8.V.) and many other Jewish sources.

Douay-Rheims Catholic Bible: (under Hebrews 4:8) "Jesus. Josue, who in Greek is called Jesus."

Smith's Bible Dictonary: "Jesus Christ — The name Jesus means Savior, and was a common name, derived from the ancient Hebrew Jehoshua."

A Dictionary of the Bible, by James Hastings: "Jesus — the Greek form of the name Joshua or Jeshua. Jeshua — Yahweh is salvation or Yahweh is opulence."

Alford's Greek Testament, An Exegetical and Critical Commentary: "Jesus — The same name as Joshua, the former deliverer of Israel."

No Other Name for Salvation

Knowing what the true names are is not enough, however. Once they are proved and accepted as correct, they must be used. James 4:17 reads, "So then, to the person who knows what is right to do and fails to do it, to him it is sin," Modern Language Bible.

The sacred Name is forever, a memorial that Yahweh says He is to be remembered by from generation to generation. "And Yahweh said moreover unto Moses, 'Thus shall you say unto the children of Israel, "Yahweh, the Elohim of your fathers, the Elohim of Abraham, the Elohim of Isaac, and the Elohim of Jacob, has sent me unto you:" this is My Name forever, and this is My memorial unto all generations,' " Exodus 3:15. (Note ALL generations)

Yahweh has revealed His Name and His Son's through a Hebrew-speaking people down through history. His Name has meaning and describes His attributes. "Yahweh" means that He will be all things to His people. He will be whatever they need of Him at the time. He will be our comforter, strengthener, guide, protector, healer, provider; in fact, He will be whatever we as His children need. He has already become our salvation through His Son, Yahshua, the salvation Yahweh has sent to earth for you and me.

We have a closer walk with Yahweh when we call upon His personal, holy Name that He has revealed to those with whom He is in covenant. Our fellowship is with those of like faith who have called upon His sacred Name down through the years, from righteous Abel to Noah, Abraham, and the Israelites of long ago. Eventually the whole family in heaven and earth will be the Name of the Father, Yahweh, Ephesians 3:l5. How can you be accounted worthy to bear the Name Yahweh, and be sealed with His Name (Rev. 14: l ), if you refuse to use it now?

We must walk in all the truth we are given. When we fully accept the truth revealed to us, it is our responsibility to act. Abundant proof exists that Yahweh and Yahshua are the correct and only names of the Father and Son, respectively. These are the names revealed in His Word through His inspired prophets. We cannot improve on the direct command to praise Him by the Name He Himself gave to us.

"Salvation comes through no one else, for there is no other Name in the whole world, given to men, to which we must look for our salvation." Acts 4:12 TCNT. Knowing the truth is what sets us free.SHALOM



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[shemuel]

The popular names Jehovah and Jesus were not in the original Scriptures and therefore cannot be genuine. It is a fact, provable in part by the historical nonexistence of the letter J. Now learn what the inspired names of the Father and Son actually are.

"Precious name, oh how sweet," sing many voices as people gather each week to praise and worship the Savior and Redeemer of Israel. But the name they sing praises to is not the Messiah's name and never was.

The name "Jesus" is a combination of the Greek "Iesous" and the Latin version employing the letter J. This name commonly used in Christianity did not exist until about 500 years ago.

The French philosopher, historian, and religion scholar Ernest Renan stated in his book, The Life of Jesus, that the Savior never was called Jesus in His lifetime. Renan based his conclusion on his archaeological trips to the Holy Land in searching for inspiration and materials on the Savior.

Renan is not the only one disclaiming the popular name of the Messiah. Proof likely exists in your own home or can easily be found in your local library. You'll find a wealth of proof in these pages—references common in any library.

References also abound that show that the Creator's name is not Jehovah. The name Jehovah is a mistake brought on by copyists, who deliberately added the vowels from "Adonai" to the Tetragrammaton (the Heavenly Father's Name in Hebrew Scriptures) in an effort to warn the reader not to enunciate the name they believed was too sacred to voice.

The Third Commandment expressly forbids misusing the sacred Name and "bringing it to nought." Accepting a substitute certainly is not using His Name as intended. Jeremiah prophesied that the Scribes (copyists) would err: "How can you say, 'We are wise for we have the law of Yahweh,' when actually the lying pen of the scribes has handled it falsely?" Jeremiah 8:8, New International Version.

All aspiring religious groups strive to be the Philadelphia assembly mentioned in Revelation chapter 3. But they overlook one of its important attributes: "I know you have little strength, yet you have kept my word and have not denied my name," Revelation 3:8, NIV.

Webster's New World Dictionary says of the word "deny": "To declare untrue; contradict; refuse to accept as true or right; reject as unfounded, unreal, etc.; to refuse to acknowledge as one's own; refuse to grant or give; to refuse the use of or access to; to refuse the request of (a person).

By using substitute names, churchianity has denied the sacred Name. Let's understand why the popular names for the Creator and His Son are erroneous and how they came to be accepted.



The 'J' Didn't Exist

One of the most obvious reasons that "Jesus" and "Jehovah" are incorrect is found in their common initial letter, J. Most comprehensive dictionaries and encyclopedias demonstrate that the letter J is of recent derivation. The Encyclopedia Americana contains the following on the J:

The form of J was unknown in any alphabet until the 14th century. Either symbol (J,I) used initially generally had the consonantal sound of Y as in year. Gradually, the two symbols (J,l) were differentiated, the J usually acquiring consonantal force and thus becoming regarded as a consonant, and the I becoming a vowel. It was not until 1630 that the differentiation became general in England.

The letter J developed from the letter I and was used to avoid confusion. Chambers's Encyclopedia says that in medieval handwriting the small i was liable to be confused with one of the strokes of a preceding or following u. Therefore an oblique stroke and later a dot was often made over the i. Alternately, the i was prolonged below the line.

The J and its I sound is still used in the German language. In the names of the months of January, June, and July, the German keeps the "ee" sound much like our Y. For example, July is pronounced "Yulee."

Note the substantiating comments of the Encyclopedia Americana regarding The Letter J:

It is one of the few permanent additions to those alphabets, made in medieval or modern times. More exactly, it was not an addition, but a differentiation from an existing letter, i, which in Latin, besides being a vowel (as in index), had also the consonantal value of "Y" (as in maior, pronounced "mayor").
At a later stage, the symbol "J" was used for distinctive purposes, particularly when the "I" had to be written initially (or in conjunction with another "I"). Either symbol used initially generally had the consonantal sound of "Y" (as in year) so that the Latin pronunciation of either Ianuarius or Januarius was as though the spelling was "Yanuarius." While in some words of Hebrew and other origin (such as Hallelujah or Junker), "J" has the phonetic value of "Y."


The J Develops [box caption - image not shown]
Around 1000 B.C. The Phoenicians and other Semites of Syria and Palestine began to use a graphic sign in the forms (1,2) They gave it the name yodh, meaning "hand," and used it for a semiconsonant y, as in English boy, boys. After 900 B.C. the Greeks borrowed The sign from the Phoenicians, using at first various angular versions ( 3 ,4 ,5 ), and then a simplified form ( 6 ) They also changed its name to iota and made it stand for their vowel i. The Greek form (6) passed unchanged via Etruscan to the Roman alphabet ( 7,8 ). The Romans used the sign both for the vowel i and for the semiconsonant y, as in IECIT. When subsequently the need arose to differentiate the two sounds, an unsystematic habit grew up of adding a tail to the i for the semiconsonant, as in the late Roman and medieval Uncial (9, 10) and Cursive (11). The distinction was not fully established until the 17th century, when the capital (12,13) and small letter (14,15) took their modem forms The dot on the small letter was carried over from the letter i. American Heritage Dictionary


Because the letter J derived from the I, and had the same sound, it was classed as a vowel. The letter I comes from the Greek "iota," which is the Hebrew "yothe." Both have a vowel sound. There is no "J" sound in the Anglo-Saxon, let alone Hebrew, and no Roman form to work from. The J was first pronounced as the I until the printing press was introduced. Gradually the letter J acquired its own sound through French influence.

Webster's Universal Dictionary (1936) discloses the early relationship between I and J:

As a character it was formerly used interchangeably with "i," both letters having originally the sane sound; and after the "j" sound came to be common in English, it was often written where this sound must have been pronounced. The separation of these two letters is of comparatively recent date, being brought about through the influence of the Dutch printers.

The New Book of Knowledge demonstrates that the I was derived from the Hebrew "yothe." The yothe is the same Hebrew letter that begins Yahweh's Name. It also begins the Savior's Name Yahshua. The sound of the yothe is "ee" or "eh." (More on the sacred Name later in this booklet.)

The printing press soon replaced the laborious copying by scribes the longhand editions of the Bible. The initial copies of the King James Version did not use the letter J for the Savior's Name. No evidence has come to light that shows the letter I ever had the consonantal sound of the letter J. This is shown in the New Funk and Wagnall Encyclopedia:

Not until the middle of the 17th century did this usage become universal in English books; in the King James Bible of 1611 for example, the words Jesus and judge are invariably Iesus and iudge.

This is corroborated by the authoritative Oxford English Dictionary concerning the letter J, "The J j types are not used in the Bible of 1611...."



Writing Followed Speech

The Oxford English Dictionary is acknowledged as the most authoritative work on the origins and meanings of words in the English language. A 12-volume work, the dictionary took 50 years to produce.

Under the entry "J," this dictionary explains how the J received its sound:

Some time before the 6th century, this y-sound had, by compression in articulation, and consequent development of an initial 'stop,' become a consonantal diphthong, passing through a sound (dy), akin to that of our di, de, in odious, hideous, to that represented in our phonetic symbolization (dz). At the same time, the original guttural sound of G, when followed by a front vowel, had changed to that of palatal g (gy), and then, by an advance of the point of closure, had passed through that of (dy), to the same sound (dz); so the i consonant and the so-called g 'soft' came to have, in the Romanic languages, the same identical value.

The Encyclopedia Britannica shows that the sound of the letter J was the same as the letter I:

The original consonantal sound represented by the letter was the semi-vowel or spirant "I" (the sound of y in yacht). This passed into dy and later into the sound dz which the letter represents today.

Along with the changing pronunciation, there came the change in the alphabet to accommodate the alteration. Webster's New International Dictionary explains:

J is a comparatively late variant from the Latin I which was used indifferently as a vowel or consonant, its consonantal value being that of English Y in yet. The form J was developed from i during the Middle Ages, and it was long used in certain positions in the word merely without regard to the sound as a consonant or vowel. But the lengthened form was often initial, and the initial was usually consonantal, so the j gradually became differentiated from i in function as well as form. It was not, however, until the 17th century that the distinction of j as a consonant and i as a vowel was fully established and the capital J introduced. In English, the regular and practically uniform sound of j as in "jet" (dzh), the same as g in "gem," dates from the 11th century, that being the sound represented by i when consonantal in words then introduced from old French.



J Sound Same as I Sound

In his book, Triumph of the Alphabet, author A.C. Moorhouse explains how the Y and the I (hence the J also) were all related in sound. Furthermore, he cites how one language will borrow from another to bring the same sound across. Note his comment on page 128:

The Semitic alphabet had no vowels, but it was essential for intelligibility that the Greek alphabet should have them. This it did by using Semitic letters which represented sounds unknown to the Greek. Semitic yod stood for the semivowel y, and it is easy to use it in Greek for the related vowel i.

Written language develops from spoken. Even today, missionaries are challenged to reduce a tribal language in some remote area to writing. It is difficult to bring across into English every vocalization in a foreign tongue using our alphabet.

The New Book of Knowledge confirms the findings of Moorhouse:

The early history of the letter "J" is the same as the history of the letter "1." "1" is a descendant of the ancient Phoenician and Hebrew letter "yod" and the Greek letter "iota." The Phoenicians gave the yod a semiconsonant sound pronounced like the "Y" in yellow. While the lower case "J" of modern type was derived directly from medieval manuscripts, the capital "J" is virtually a printer's invention. The sound "J" as we know it in English today was derived when the "Y" sound eventually passed into a "dy" sound and later into the "J" sound as in juggle.

Eventually, all modern languages picked up the new sound from Latin. Under the topic "J," Collier's Encyclopedia shows how this happened:

Introduced as a sign for the consonantal sound of "i" in Latin words, the letter j was soon used in English, French, and Spanish to represent the sound that developed out of Latinic consonantic i in each of these three languages. This was a certain improvement, since these three sounds (y, z, dz) which all developed out of the Latin consonant i, did not exist in Latin, and the Latin alphabet had no sign for them.

If the letter J and its sound (dz) did not exist until shortly before the printing of the King James Version of the Bible, what were the names of the Heavenly Father and His Son before that time?



The Actual Name

The Creator's Name Yahweh derives from the Tetragrammaton YHWH, the English equivalent of the Hebrew letters yothe, hay, waw, hay. The Tetragrammaton—"four letters" is found in ancient Bible manuscripts. Early Christian writers such as Clement of Alexandria transliterated it into Greek as IAOUE. (Transliterate means to carry the actual sound of a word from one language to another.) The Tetragrammaton is made up of four Hebrew letters having the force of vowels, as Hebrew primers readily show. Josephus says that the Tetragrammaton appeared in the High Priest's miter (hat) and consisted of four vowels. Wars, Book V, chapter V, 7.

In Greek, the I has an "ee" sound as in machine. When we pronounce the Tetragrammaton IAOUE we get the sound "ee-ah-ou-eh." Saying it rapidly we produce "Yah-way," which appears as 'Yahweh' in English. The Tetragrammaton appears 6,823 times in Hebrew Scriptures.

The short form of the sacred Name appears in one place in the King James Version: ". . .extol Him that rideth upon the heavens by His name JAH, and rejoice before Him," Psalm 68:4. As we have seen, the J should be a Y.

Hebrew names are transliterated into our English Bible as evidenced by many common names. Many names of Old Testament writers such as Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Zephaniah, end with this first part (Yah) of the sacred Name. Note that they retain the "ee" sound of the I in "iah."

Numerous secular as well as religious scholars attest that Yahweh is the correct, original Name of the Heavenly Father. Following is a listing of some of each, taken right from reference works and materials available in nearly every public library.

"Yahweh" In The Hebrew Scriptures [box caption - image not shown]
THIS IS THE FIRST PART of Isaiah 61 in the Hebrew text, quoted by Yahshua Himself. The sacred Name Yahweh is circled three places.



Secular Scholars

The New American Encyclopedia: "Jehovah— (properly Yahweh) a name of the God of Israel, now widely regarded as a mis-pronunciation of the Hebrew YHWH

The Encyclopedia Britannica: "...the letters YHWH used in the original Hebrew Bible to represent the name of God."

The Oxford Cyclopedic Concordance: "Jehovah— the name revealed to Moses at Horeb. Its real pronunciation is approximately Yahweh. The Name itself was not pronounced Jehovah before the 16th century."

American Heritage Dictionary: "Yahweh—A name for God assumed by modern scholars to be a rendering of the pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton.

Webster's New World Dictionary: "Yahweh— God, a form of the Hebrew name in the Old Testament. See Tetragrammaton.

New Century Dictionary:

"Jehovah—the common European rendering of Heb. JHVH (or YHWH), representing, without vowels, Heb. Jahweh (or Yahweh), a divine name . . . regarded by the Jews as too Sacred for utterance and hence replaced in the reading of the Scriptures by Adonai or Elohim; the form Jehovah being due to a mispronunciation of Heb. JHVH with the vowels of the associated Heb. Adonai. A name of God in the Old Testament, being the Christian rendering the 'ineffable name,' JHVH in the Hebrew Scriptures.

A History of Christianity, Kenneth Scott Latourette (p. 11):

Israel regarded their god, Yahweh, a name mistakenly put into the English as Jehovah, as the God of the universe, the maker and ruler of heaven and earth. Other peoples had their gods, but Yahweh was regarded by these monotheists as far more powerful than they.

Encyclopedia Britannica (Micropedia, vol. 10):

Yahweh—the personal name of the God of the Israelites . . . The Masoretes, Jewish biblical scholars of the Middle Ages, replaced the vowel signs that had appeared above or beneath the consonants of YHWH with the vowel signs of Adonai or of Elohim. Thus, the artificial name Jehovah (YeHoWaH) came into being. Although Christian scholars after the Rendssance and Reformation periods used the term Jehovah for YHWH, in the l9th and 20th centuries biblical scholars again began to use the form Yahweh. Early Christian writers, Such as Clement of Alexandria in the 2nd century, had used the form Yahweh, thus this pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton was never really lost. Greek transcriptiona also indicated that Yhwh Should be pronounced Yahweh.



Religious Scholars

Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature: "Jehovah — the imperfect of Jahve (Yahwe or Jehovah or Jahwe (Yahweh) ). He is self existing." Vol. 3, p. 901.

Jewish Encyclopedia: "Rabbinical Literature — The name Yahweh is considered the Name proper." Vol. 9, p. 162.

Seventh-Day Adventist Bible Commentary: "And the name above all others that was looked upon as the name, the personal name of God, was YAHWEH." Vol. 1, p. 172.

The International Bile Encyclopedia of King James Version: "Jehovah - It is believed that the correct pronunciation of this word is 'Yahweh.'"

New Standard Bible Dictionary: "Jehovah - Properly Yahweh . . the form 'Jehovah' is impossible, according to the strict principles of Hebrew vocalization."

Davis Dictionary of the Bible: "Jehovah - The Tetragrammaton is generally believed to have been pronounced Jahweh, Yahweh..."

A Greek-English Lexicon: "Kurios - equals 'Yahweh.'" p.1013.

Jewish Quarterly Review: "In the biblical period Yahweh was a proper name, the God of Israel, an ethnic God." April 1969, Dr. Zolomon Zeitlin.

New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, Vol. 2:

In the OT the words el, eloah, and elohim, from related roots, are generic designations of God. Alongside and alternating with them stands the individual personal name Yahweh.

Review and Herald, December 16, 1971:

Yahweh is the name that identifies the God of the Hebrews. Where the Philistines worshiped Dagon, the Egyptians, Amon, and the Ammonites, Milcom, the Hebrews worshiped Yahweh. The title 'god' (elohim) is applied to false deities in the Scriptures as well as to Yahweh, hence is not a term by which one can be distinguished from the others. When the voice said, 'I am Yahweh,' there was no doubt in any listener's mind as to the identity of the speaker. He was the god of the Hebrews. So far as is known, no other peoples called their god by his name.



'Jehovah' Wrong From the Start

"Jehovah" is a hybrid name manufactured as a result of a fear to pronounce the sacred Name Yahweh.

In chapter 4 of the introduction to The Emphasized Bible, Joseph Rotherman explains how the sacred Name was avoided:

It is willingly admitted that the suppression has not been absolute; at least so far as Hebrew and English are concerned. The Name, in its four essential letters, was reverently transcribed by the Hebrew copyists, and therefore was necessarily placed before the eye of the Hebrew reader. The latter, however, was instructed not to pronounce it, but to utter instead a less sacred name - Adonay or Elohim. In this way the Name was not suffered to reach the ear of the listener.

Jehovah is the result of a further derailment in the convoluted efforts to avoid the Name Yahweh.

Scholars all know that Jehovah could not be the pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton YHWH used for the Name of the Creator in the oldest available manuscripts.

In the preface to the Revised Standard Version of the Bible, pp. 6-7, is the following about "Jehovah":

The form Jehovah is of late medieval origin; it is a combination of the consonants of the Divine Name and the vowels attached to it by the Masoretes but belonging to an entirely different word. The sound of Y is represented by J and the sound of W by V, as in Latin. The word "Jehovah" does not accurately represent any form of the Name ever used in Hebrew.

A note on Exodus 3:14. taken from The Authorized Catholic Bible, says (direct photocopy):

3:14. I am who am: apparently lhis utterance is the source of the word Yahweh, the proper personal name of the God of Israel. It is commonly explained in reference to God as the absolute and necessary Being. It may be understood of God as the Source of all created beings. Out of reverence for this name the term Adonai, "my lord" was later used as a substitule. The word LORD in the present version represents this traditional usage. The word "Jehovah" arose from a false reading of the name as it is written in the current Hebrew text.

More proof is found on page 15 of the preface to The Bible, An American Translation, by Smith and Goodspeed:

As nearly as we can now tell, the Hebrews called their Deity by the name Yahweh, and in a shorter form, Yah, used in relatively few cases. In course of time they came to regard this name as too sacred for utterance. They therefore substituted for it the Hebrew word for Lord." When vowels were added to the text, the consonants of "Yahweh" were given the vowels of "Lord." Somewhere in the fourteenth century C.E. Christian scholars, not understanding this usage, took the vowels and consonants exactly as they were written and produced the artificial name "Jehovah" which has persisted ever since.

The Oxford English Dictionary succinctly demonstrates exactly how the word "Jehovah" became an erroneous substitution for the sacred Name Yahweh (direct photocopy):

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The O.E.D. is supported by the New English Bible. On page 16 of this Bible's introduction, we read:

This personal name, written with the consonants YHWH, was considered too sacred to he uttered; so the vowels for the words 'my Lord' or 'God' were added to the consonants YHWH, and the reader was warned by these vowels that he must substitute other consonants. This change having to be made so frequently, the Rabbis did not consider it necessary to put the consonants of the new reading in the margin . . . YHWH was read with the intruded vowels, the vowels of an entirely different word, namely 'my Lord' or 'God'. In late medieval times this mispronounciation became curent as Jehova, and it was unwittingly taken over as Jehovah by the reformers in the Protestant Bibles.

The Encyclopaedia Britannica, Vol. 12, corroborates the foregoing religious sources:

The pronunciation 'Jehovah' is an error resulting among Christians from combining the consonants YHWH with the vowels of 'adonay.'

The Jehovah's Witnesses themselves admit that "Jehovah" is inferior to "Yahweh." On pages 16 and 20 of their book, Let Your Name Be Sanctafied, are these words:

Yahweh . .. is admittedly superior to Jehovah. 'The wrong spelling Jehovah OCCURS since about 1100' and then it offers its arguments in favor of Yahweh as the correct and original pronunciation.'

Their New Testament Bible translation, New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures (published by Watchtower Bible and Tract Society), has on p. 25 of the foreword:

While inclining to view the pronunciation "Yahweh" as the more correct way, we have retained the form "Jehovah" because of people's familiarity with it Since the 14th century.

The person credited with popularizing the name Jehovah is Peter Galatin, confessor to Pope Leo the 10th. The Oxford English Dictionary puts the date of Galatin's use of Jehovah at 1516 in De Arcanis Catholic Veritatis. Rotherham has this to say about "Jehovah's" origins:

The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety.

Obviously, if the first recorded use of the name Jehovah is only some 500 years old, it can't be the Name the Creator gave the Hebrews 5,000 years earlier. The illogical fusion of the sacred Name with the vowel points of another name is shown by Rotherham:

To give the name JHVH the vowels of the word for Lord (Heh. Adonai) and pronounce it Jehovah, is about as hybrid a combination as it would be to spell the name Germany with the vowels in the name Portugal-viz., Gormuna.

The Jews' superstitious fear of the Name led to a complete fabrication in the name Jehovah.

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